• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a method of manufacture of hemispherical end plates to be adhered to the opposite ends of a cylindrical pressure container, or spherical containers, especially smaller and thick-walled spherical pressure containers such as, for example, mixing spheres to be used for a generator boiler, distributor spheres, spherical containers for storing liquid hydrogen, etc.
    公开号:SU822760A3
    申请号:SU721819260
    申请日:1972-08-15
    公开日:1981-04-15
    发明作者:Удзийе Акира
    申请人:Мицубиси Дзукогио Кабусики Кайся (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a method for producing cylindrical hollow ingots by electroslag re-method. melt.
    A known method of manufacturing a metal product of circular cross-section with the supply of metallic material to a mold with a small height size, with a cavity whose configuration matches the configuration of the product obtained, and electroslag remelting by drawing an ingot from the mold along a circular path that mates with the wall of the finished product. Remelting is carried out under a flux layer with transmission of electric current. Upon receipt of circular products, the ends of the ingot may be welded together £ 1].
    The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of surfacing before the formation of a closed contour of the ingot. For circular due _ dely ingot ends are welded to each other, which leads to an increase in proiz- 23 duction costs.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity and reduce production costs. thirty
    This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of producing cylindrical hollow ingots by electroslag remelting, which includes remelting a consumable electrode in a mold and drawing a deposited ingot with rotation around the horizontal axis of symmetry, the end of the drawn ingot is introduced into the mold coaxially guided ingot and surfacing until a closed loop is formed .
    In FIG. 1 and 2 show spherical containers; in FIG. 3-8 - an explanation of the method for producing cylindrical hollow ingots by electroslag remelting.
    If the spherical container has 3 sections (Fig. 1), then it consists of 2 disk elements 1 and a barrel-shaped element 2. If these two disk elements are selected so that they have the corresponding relative size, then you can get these elements by cutting them about ! barrel-shaped element 2 made by the method of electroslag remelting.
    According to FIG. 2, another barrel-shaped element is made, placed between two plate-shaped elements3, and all these elements are welded together, so that a spherical container is obtained.
    If the horizontal area is 3 cross-section, consisting of several parts of a barrel-shaped element that 2, when the plane passing through the horizontal central axis 4 of the barrel-shaped element 2 intersects the inner and outer surfaces of the walls of the barrel-shaped element, · · _ (rotates 360 ° around the central horizontal axis, then the geometrical place of the points of the spherical shell of the barrel-shaped element 2. Therefore, when deposited by the method of electroslag remelting, the metal body is discharged along the geometrical place of the points of the spherical shell, and the hollow space has such a horizontal the cross-section that when it rotates around the central horizontal axis 4 describes the geometrical location of the points of the spherical shell of the barrel-shaped element of the desired size.
    The water-cooled mold 5 consists of detachable parts connected together. The mold jq restricts a hollow space (A) having such a cross section, which, if rotated around the central horizontal axis 4, will describe the geometric location of the points of the spherical shell of the desired size. The levers 6, one of the ends of which is connected to the rotating shaft 7 by means of the ring 8 and is supported in horizontal position by the stopper 9 (Fig. 7). The other end 40 of each of the levers 6 supports the inner part of the mold 5, which is supported in a horizontal position by a plurality of levers 6 and a support element 45 (Fig. 6). Rotating levers 11, one end of which is rigidly attached to the shaft 7. The starting part 12 is mounted on the other end of the levers and can block the lower side 59 of the hollow space A in the mold 5 and lead along a circular path, i.e. along the geometrical location | the points of the spherical shell of the formed barrel-shaped element 2, the rotation, | jas $> together with the rotating shaft 7 ((dashed lines in Figs. 5 and 6).
    After the barrel-shaped element is molded, it is normally removed from the device. The electrodes 13, which are steel rods of metal material 60 in the form of a wire of a certain cross-section (for example, rectangular), are spaced from each other at appropriate intervals and can be fed vertically into the hollow space of the mold 5 by means of a welding head 14, which contains a pair guide rollers 15, a pair of feed rollers 16 driven by an electric motor 17 for each electrode. Moreover, the welding head 14 is based on the manipulator 18, on which the feed hopper 19 for the flux is installed. The flux located in the hopper is continuously supplied at a certain speed through a flexible hose 20, in which a valve 21 controlling the flow rate is provided into the slag bath 22, which is prepared separately and poured into the hollow space in the mold.
    Consumable electrodes 13 are gradually melted, and the molten metal gradually accumulates in the hollow space of the mold, is cooled and continuously molded in the form of an ingot 23. Then, the end surface of the ingot 23 is deposited on the starting part 12, and sequentially drawn along the geometrical location of the points of the spherical shell in accordance with the rotation of the starting details 12. The welding head can move up and down, back and forth, left and right, and can also be rotated using the manipulator so that the electric dy can hold the correct position in the hollow mold space.
    The cross-sectional areas of the electrodes are selected by calculation so that the cross-sectional area of the electrode, which occupies a central position, is maximum, and the cross-sectional area of the remaining electrodes is gradually reduced, and all the electrodes move at the same speed, so that the metal is uniformly deposited in the hollow space of the mold 5 .
    The lever 24 at one end is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 7, and the other end can be connected to the ingot 23. Auxiliary parts 25 and 26 are used for forming deposited metal in the cross-section of the hollow space between the beveled part 27 at the end of the ingot 23 and its lowermost part, and thereby complete the molding of the barrel-shaped element 2.
    In FIG. 7 and 8 show the excess portion 28 of the weld metal and the outlet openings 29 and 30 provided in the central parts of both disk elements 1 cut from the barrel-shaped element 2, a clamping device 31 for fixing the disk element 1 on the rotating shaft 7.
    During the manufacture of a hemispherical end plate or spherical container, after the bottom side of the hollow space Av of the mold 5 is blocked by the starting part 12, the slag is poured into the mold, then the manipulator 18 is actuated to install the welding head 14 in the right place, the electric motor 17 is turned on, feeding electrodes 13 into the slag bath at a certain feed rate along the guide rollers 15 and feed rollers 16, and electricity is passed between the electrodes and the starting part 12 cue current flux by continuously feeding from the hopper 19 through a flexible hose. 20 into the slag bath 22 at a flow rate controlled by valve 21. The electrodes melt, and molten metal sequentially accumulates inside the cavity of the mold. The metal cools and solidifies, sequentially forming an ingot 23. Moreover, the lower end of the ingot is welded to the upper end surface of the starting part. Since the starting part rotates along the geometrical location of the points of the spherical shell of the barrel-shaped element 2 by means of a rotating shaft, the ingot can be continuously conducted by the starting part at the corresponding speed along the geometrical location of the points of the spherical shell. The reference speed is selected so as to correspond to the speed of forming the ingot. When the holding of the ingot reaches a certain degree, the levers 24 are connected to the ingot, the levers 6 are retracted from the rotating shaft and at the same time the starting part and part of the ingot are cut off. After that, the ingot is successively held with .24 levers while the beveled part 27 is stored at the end of the ingot. ·
    When the ingot is molded, the rotation of the shaft 7 is stopped and the welding head is raised. The slag bath, electrodes, flux are fed into an auxiliary form containing auxiliary parts 25 and 26. Moreover, the auxiliary metal form surrounds the hollow space limited by the beveled part 27. The electrodes melt, filling the hollow space with metal. The excess portion 28 is removed by machining, reflow, etc.
    If it is necessary to make a spherical container, two plate-shaped elements of the same size are cut from the barrel-shaped element, in the central parts of which inlet openings are provided. Then these plate-shaped elements are fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft through their to inlets and clamping parts at a distance equal to the width of the barrel-shaped element. Then, when the barrel-shaped part is made, the opposite end surfaces of the barrel-shaped element are welded 15 in a circle with the end surfaces of the dish-shaped elements, and a spherical container is obtained. If necessary, the entrance openings in the dish-shaped elements are closed by a plow:
    by welding separately manufactured items. If you divide the spherical container into two halves, you can get a hemispherical end plate.
    The proposed method makes it easy to produce barrel-shaped, dish-shaped elements, spherical containers, hemispherical end plates.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    copes and all these elements are welded together, so that a spherical container is obtained. If the horizontal area 3 of the cross section consisting of several parts of the barrel-shaped element 2, when the plane passes through the horizontal central axis 4 of the barrel-shaped element 2 intersects the inner and outer surfaces of the walls of the barrel-shaped element, along (rotates 360 ° around the central horizontal axis, then the geometrical location of the points of the spherical shell of the barrel-shaped element 2 is formed. Therefore, when deposited by the electric overflow method, the metal body is drawn along the geo- the metric location of the points of the spherical shell, with the hollow space having such a horizontal cross section that when it rotates around the central horizontal axis 4, it describes the geometric locus of the points of the spherical shell of the barrel-shaped element of the desired size. Thus, a barrel-shaped element of the required size is made. Water cooled consists of detachable parts connected together. The mold limits the hollow space (A) having such a cross-section, which, if rotated around the central horizontal axis 4, describes the locus of the points of the spherical shell of the desired size. Levers 6, one of the ends of which is connected to the rotating shaft 7 by means of the ring 8 and is kept in a horizontal position by means of the stopper 9 (Fig. 7). The other end of each of the levers b supports the inner part of the crystallizer 5, which is maintained in a horizontal position by means of a set of levers b and the supporting element 10 (Fig. B). Rotating levers 11, one end of which is rigidly attached to the shaft 7. The starting part 12 is installed on the other end of the levers 11 and can block the lower side of the hollow space A in the mold 5 and lead along a circular path, i.e. along geometrical places | points of a spherical shell, it is formable the 1st barrel-shaped element 2, rotating | together with the rotating shaft 7 | (dotted lines in FIGS. 5 and 6). After the barrel-shaped element is molded, it is removed from the device in the usual manner. The electrodes 1, which are steel strips made of metallic material in the form of wires of a certain cross section (for example, rectangular), are spaced from another at appropriate intervals and can be fed to the hollow space of the crystallizer 5 by welding 14. rollers 15, a pair of feed rollers 16 driven by electric motor 17 for each electrode. The welding head 14 rests on the maningor 18, on which the feed hopper 19 for the flux is mounted. The flux in the bunker is continuously supplied at a certain speed through a flexible hose 20, in which a flow rate regulating valve 21 is provided to the slag bath 22, which is prepared separately and poured into the hollow space in the crystallizer. The consumable electrodes 13 gradually melt and the molten metal gradually accumulates in the hollow space of the mold, cools and continuously forms an ingot 23. Then, the end surface of the ingot 23 is deposited on the starting piece 12, and is consistently held along the geometrical point of the spherical shell points by turning the starting part 12. The welding head can be moved up and down, back and forth, left and right, and it can also be rotated with the manipulator so that the delivery can take up the correct position in the hollow mold space. The cross-sectional areas of the electrodes are selected by calculating so that the cross-sectional area of the electrode occupying the central position is maximum, and the cross-sectional area of the remaining electrodes is successively reduced, and all the electrodes move at the same speed, so that the metal uniformly welds in the hollow space of the crystallizer five . The lever 24 is fixed at one end to the rotating shaft 7, and the other end can be connected to the ingot 23, Auxiliary parts 25 and 26 serve to form the weld metal in the cross section of the hollow space between the bevelled part 27 at the tip of the ingot 23 and its lowest part and thereby completing the molding of the barrel-shaped element
    [2]
    2. In FIG. Figures 7 and 8 show the surplus portion 28 of the deposited metal and the outlet openings 29 and 30 provided in the center portions of both the disc elements 1 cut from the barrel 2, the clamping device 31 for securing the disc element 1 on the rotating shaft 7. During the manufacture of the hemisphere. the end plate or spherical container, after the bottom of the hollow space A of the crystallizer 5 is blocked by the starting part 12, the slag is poured into the crystallizer, then is activated The manipulator 1 for installing the welding head 14 in the right place includes an electric motor 17 feeding the electrodes 13 into the slag bath at a certain feed rate along the guide rollers 15 and the feeding rollers 16, and an electric current is passed between the electrodes and the starting part 12 continuous flow of flux from .un Keru 19 through a flexible hose. 20 into the slag bath 22 at a flow rate controlled by the valve 21. The electrodes melt and the molten metal subsequently accumulates inside the hollow space of the crystallizer. The metal is cooled and cured, successively forming an ingot 23. Moreover, the lower end of the ingot is welded to the upper end surface of the starting part. Since the dispatch member rotates along the geometric location of the points of the spherical shell of the barrel-shaped element 2 by means of the rotating shaft, the ingot can be continuously guided by the starting detail at a corresponding speed along the geometrical location of the points of the spherical shell. The lead rate is selected to match the speed of the ingot forming. When the holding of the ingot reaches a certain degree the levers 24 are connected with the ingot, the levers 6 are retracted from the rotating shaft and at the same time the dispatch piece and a part of the ingot are cut off. Thereafter, the ingot is successively held by the arms .24 while maintaining the beveled portion 27 at the end of the ingot. When the ingot is molded, the rotation of the shaft 7 is stopped and the welding head is raised. Slag bath, electrodes, flux is fed into an auxiliary form containing auxiliary parts 25 and 26. Moreover, the auxiliary metal form surrounds the hollow space limited by the bevelled part 27. The electrodes melt and fill the hollow space with metal. Excess portion 28 is removed by machining, flashing, etc. If it is necessary to make a spherical container, the barrel-shaped elements of the same size are cut from the barrel-shaped element, in the central parts of which the inlets are provided. These disc elements are then fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft through their inlets and clamping pieces at a distance equal to the width of the barrel-shaped element. Then, when a barrel-shaped part is made, the opposite end surfaces of the barrel-shaped element are circumferentially welded to the end surfaces of the plate-shaped elements, and a spherical container is obtained. If necessary, the inlet openings in the disc elements are closed with a scare: the welding of separately manufactured parts. If the spherical container is divided into two halves, a hemispherical face plate can be obtained. The proposed method makes it easy to manufacture barrel-shaped, disc elements, spherical containers, hemispherical end plates. The invention The method of obtaining cylindrical hollow ingots by the method of electroslag remelting, including the remelting of a consumable electrode in the mold and drawing the weld ingot with its rotation around the horizontal axis of symmetry, with the aim of increasing productivity and reducing production costs The end of the ingot is introduced into the mold of a coaxially weldable ingot, and the weld is welded until a closed contour is formed. Sources of information, rinty in attention during the examination 1. Wat GK. Modern achievements in the field of electroslag cast iron. Problems of special electrometallurgy. Materials of the international conference dedicated to 100th day of birth Y.O. Paton, K.-M., 1970, VINITI, 1971.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US3841383A|1974-10-15|
    SE384155B|1976-04-26|
    IT964244B|1974-01-21|
    CH545151A|1973-12-15|
    DE2241894C3|1975-08-28|
    CS199236B2|1980-07-31|
    FR2150498B1|1978-03-03|
    DK142565B|1980-11-24|
    DE2241894B2|1975-01-16|
    DE2241894A1|1973-03-01|
    CA985479A|1976-03-16|
    FR2150498A1|1973-04-06|
    GB1395959A|1975-05-29|
    NO138019B|1978-03-06|
    DK142565C|1981-09-14|
    NL7210958A|1973-02-27|
    JPS5130295B2|1976-08-31|
    BE787982A|1972-12-18|
    JPS4831510A|1973-04-25|
    DE7231517U|1975-12-18|
    AU4558172A|1974-02-21|
    NO138019C|1978-06-14|
    NL144504B|1975-01-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DD57162A|
    BE649738A|1963-06-25|
    US3558846A|1966-04-04|1971-01-26|Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd|Method of and apparatus for constructing substantially circular cross section vessel by welding|
    JPS4833135B1|1969-03-28|1973-10-12|US4020893A|1974-12-30|1977-05-03|Paton Boris E|Plant for electroslag melting of hollow ingots shaped as non-closed cylinders|
    JPS5429343B2|1975-07-10|1979-09-22|
    JPS5623890Y2|1975-08-29|1981-06-04|
    JPS5436074B2|1975-12-05|1979-11-07|
    DE2710534C2|1977-03-10|1982-10-21|Institut elektrosvarki imeni E.O. Patona Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoj SSR, Kiev|Plant for electroslag melting of cylindrical hollow blocks of unclosed shape|
    AT376917B|1981-11-23|1985-01-25|Inst Elektroswarki Patona|PLANT FOR ELECTROSHELL REMELING OF METAL|
    DE3430114C2|1984-08-16|1986-12-18|J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim|Device for building up a workpiece by build-up welding|
    CN100549440C|2007-02-02|2009-10-14|天津市三焱电渣钢有限公司|Make the method for large diameter internal combustion engine crankshaft with electroslag casting-fusing soldering process|
    CN100548534C|2007-02-02|2009-10-14|天津市三焱电渣钢有限公司|Make the method for large diameter internal combustion engine crankshaft circle shaft arm with electroslag casting-fusing soldering process|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    JP46064365A|JPS5130295B2|1971-08-25|1971-08-25|
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